Airway Assist Scenario (ECA)

Question 1 of 15

1. Question

What equipment should you prepare for intubation (including items already used with an I-gel setup)?

Bag-valve mask

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Laryngoscope and blades

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Magill forceps

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Suction

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Endotracheal tubes

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20ml syringe

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Catheter mount

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Stethoscope

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OPA

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Bougie

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Air filter

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ETCO₂ sensor

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Tube holder

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Lubricant

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Question 2 of 15

2. Question

Once the equipment is ready, should you test the cuffs on the ET tubes before use?

Yes, as this could cause failure of the closed airway circuit

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No, it is not required as the airway needs to be secured quickly

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Question 3 of 15

3. Question

A recommended tube size for females is 7–8mm, and for males 8–9mm

True

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False

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Question 4 of 15

4. Question

What other actions can you and the Paramedic take to prepare for intubation?

Pre-oxygenate the patient

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Give a brief of the intubation plan

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Ensure the oxygen supply will not run out during the attempt

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Effective suctioning

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Question 5 of 15

5. Question

Your colleague briefs their plan: pre-oxygenate, use the laryngoscope, ask you to pass the bougie, advance the ETT over the bougie, remove the bougie, connect the airway circuit, and inflate the cuff once placement is confirmed. They confirm the blade and tube sizes and check you are happy with the plan. What important element may be missing?

Contingency plan

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Medications that need administering during the attempt

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Ensure suction is plugged in and working

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Clarify if CPR should stop during intubation

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Question 6 of 15

6. Question

You decide on a contingency plan to return to the I-gel if unsuccessful. As pre-oxygenation begins, removal of the I-gel causes the oropharynx to fill with vomit. Suction is commenced. How far should suction be applied?

To the back of the oropharynx only, as far as you can see

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As far as you can reach with the Yankauer catheter or other device

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Only around the mouth

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There is no need to suction if an ET tube is being inserted as it creates a closed circuit

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Question 7 of 15

7. Question

There is no need to suction if an ET tube is being inserted as it creates a closed circuit

BURP

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Sellick manoeuvre

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Cricothyroid cartilage pressure

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Reflex manoeuvre

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Question 8 of 15

8. Question

What other manoeuvres could assist the Paramedic during intubation?

Head positioning

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Cushion under shoulders or patient ramping

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Good communication

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Constant stethoscope monitoring during attempt

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Relaxing the patient’s jaw and facial muscles

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Question 9 of 15

9. Question

Within standard practice, which hand will the Paramedic want the bougie and endotracheal tube placed?

Right

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Left

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Question 10 of 15

10. Question

The ET tube is successfully placed. What is required to definitively confirm correct placement?

ETCO₂ monitoring

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Tube misting

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Stethoscope confirmation of lungs and stomach

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Any resistance on the bag

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Question 11 of 15

11. Question

After intubation, you are asked to monitor capnography. What waveform indicates effective ventilation and tube placement?

Square or rectangular waveform with plateau

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Rapid, jagged peaks

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Shark-fin shape

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Flat-line with minimal rise

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Question 12 of 15

12. Question

What is the most likely cause of a sudden drop in ETCO₂ immediately after intubation?

Tube displacement

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Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

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Pneumothorax

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Empty O₂ cylinder

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Question 13 of 15

13. Question

Once the ET tube is in place, what compression-to-ventilation ratio should be used?

1 breath every 5–6 seconds regardless of compressions

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1 breath every 10 seconds regardless of compressions

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30 compressions to 2 ventilations

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15 compressions to 2 ventilations

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Question 14 of 15

14. Question

When an advanced airway is in place and asynchronous ventilations are used, can the rate of 10–12 breaths per minute be increased for younger paediatric patients, e.g. with an I-gel?

Yes

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No

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Question 15 of 15

15. Question

The AIRWAYS2 trial found that an endotracheal tube (ET tube) is not superior to an I-gel supraglottic airway device as an advanced airway management strategy in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

True

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False

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Airway Assist Scenario (ECA)

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