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ECA Medications Quiz

ECA Medications Quiz

This quiz has been produced using a list of medications ECAs can typically administer. Trust policies may vary, and some drugs may be missing or added depending on your local scope of practice. Always follow your Trust guidelines.

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Question 1 of 15

1. Question

What is the primary reason Aspirin is given in pre-hospital care during a suspected myocardial infarction (MI)?

To inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce clotting
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To reduce fever
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To relieve chest pain
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To decrease the heart rate
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Question 2 of 15

2. Question

What is the standard adult dose of Aspirin administered by an ECA during suspected cardiac chest pain?

300mg
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150mg
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600mg
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75mg
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Question 3 of 15

3. Question

Which of the following is a contraindication for administering Aspirin in the pre-hospital setting?

Known allergy to Aspirin
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Age under 16
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Hypertension
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Chest pain
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Question 4 of 15

4. Question

If you are presented with a patient with suspected cardiac chest pain, you do not need to administer Aspirin if the patient is taking an anticoagulant (e.g., warfarin/apixaban) or an antiplatelet such as clopidogrel.

False
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True
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Question 5 of 15

5. Question

What instruction should be given to the patient when administering Aspirin orally?

Chew the tablet before swallowing
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Dissolve the tablet under the tongue
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Avoid taking any fluids with the tablet
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Swallow the tablet whole with water
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Question 6 of 15

6. Question

What is Entonox primarily used for in the pre-hospital setting?

For short-term pain relief
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For long-term pain relief
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To reduce inflammation
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To treat hypoxia
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Question 7 of 15

7. Question

You are dealing with a patient involved in an RTC. They have bruising across the chest from striking the steering wheel, are increasingly short of breath, have reduced air entry on one side of the chest, and are experiencing chest pain. Can you give Entonox in this scenario to reduce the pain and assist with your assessment?

No
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Yes
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Question 8 of 15

8. Question

You do not give Entonox in the previous scenario due to the potential for a pneumothorax. What is the pathophysiology behind this?

Where there is trapped gas within a space in the body, nitrous oxide will rapidly diffuse into that space, increasing its size
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As Entonox is heavier than normal air, it decreases oxygen concentration in the alveoli at the lung bases, worsening hypoxia
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As Entonox is a cold gas when administered, it can increase swelling around a collapsed lung injury site and cause further trauma
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As Entonox is heavier than normal air, it increases pressure within the lungs and worsens the injury site if a pneumothorax is present
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Question 9 of 15

9. Question

How long does it typically take for Entonox to begin relieving pain?

Within 30 seconds to a minute
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Instantly upon inhalation
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5–10 minutes
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10–15 minutes
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Question 10 of 15

10. Question

Why should Entonox cylinders be stored above 10°C before use?

To prevent gas separation and maintain the correct gas mixture
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To prevent intolerably cold gas when administering
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To avoid cylinder explosion
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To increase patient comfort
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Question 11 of 15

11. Question

Which groups of patients listed below may be administered oxygen in the pre-hospital setting?

Any patient with major trauma
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Any patient with signs of hypoxia and low saturation levels
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Any patient with confirmed myocardial infarction
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All of the listed
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Question 12 of 15

12. Question

Which of the following patient groups may require controlled oxygen therapy, typically targeting saturations of 88–92%?

Patients with COPD
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Patients with asthma
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Trauma patients
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Healthy young adults
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Question 13 of 15

13. Question

What other patient groups may require controlled oxygen therapy to maintain saturations lower than the normal 94–98% target?

All of the listed
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Chronic neuromuscular disorders
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Exacerbation of cystic fibrosis
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Chest wall disorders
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Bleomycin poisoning
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Question 14 of 15

14. Question

What oxygen flow rate can be used when applying a non-rebreather mask to a patient?

10–15 L/min
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6–8 L/min
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6–15 L/min
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Any flow rate can be used with a non-rebreather mask
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Question 15 of 15

15. Question

You attend a patient who has been increasingly short of breath over the last 2–3 days. They have a productive cough and show early signs of increased work of breathing on exertion. Their oxygen saturation is 96% on room air. What would be the most appropriate action?

No oxygen required, continue to monitor
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Give oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min to ease symptoms
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Immediately start high-flow oxygen
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Give oxygen via nasal cannula at 6 L/min to ease symptoms
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