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Which of the following shocks can develop from spinal cord injury
The amount of space in the spinal canal in the upper neck is relatively large, and risk of secondary injury in this area can be reduced if good immobilisation is applied, True or False
If a patient is expected to be immobilised for a considerable amount of time, what device should be used to immobilise them
Can initial manual immobilisation of a patient be used prior to extricating them in immobilisation devices
What is the maximum time limit advised on a Scoop stretcher
An injury between what range along the spinal column is enough to cause loss of spontaneous respiratory function
Which injury best describes the following: partial damage to the spinal cord, depending on the area and severity of injury will determine the amount of motor and sensory function affected. This may also affect one side of the body rather than both sides
How many Spinal bones are there in adults
Can a Stepwise Airway approach be utilised to manage an airway where facial trauma has occurred
Flatness of the cheek can indicate what type of fracture
Le Fort fractures are fractures located in what area
Bruising under the tongue almost always indicates a jaw fracture, True or False
How many main types of Orbital fractures are there
Where is the frontal bone located
Within the skull, the brain is surrounded by 3 layers of tissues, what collective name is given to these
A subdural haemorrhage can sometimes be slow in progression, and a patient may not have any TBI symptoms initially, True or False
What needs to be maintained to ensure normal brain physiology and prevent oedema
What is the calculation for Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)
A deadly pathophysiological cycle can occur between increasing ICP and MAP resulting in brain herniation and coning, True or False
What 3 signs and symptoms are present in Cushing’s Reflex
Where suspecting a possible Traumatic Brain Injury, you must still place a hard cervical collar on if also suspecting c-spine injury, True or False
Having high capnography levels in a TBI patient is good for their overall outcome, True or False
A concussion can be defined as
Which of the following are some of the red flags for Major head injury
Coup injuries can result in internal brain contusion, swelling, and haemorrhage without any obvious external injury, True or False
A head injury can be classed as
Within the pre-hospital environment it is easy to get blood products to a patient, True or False
Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy is an internal process that is initiated by major trauma due to a cascade of negatively impacting pathophysiological effects. These include
What are the three factors of the Lethal Trauma Triad
Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy stems from major trauma and
Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy has a significant effect on the body’s normal response to major haemorrhage as it disrupts its’ ability to arrest significant bleeding, True or False
Trauma can be defined as a disease caused by
What is managed first on the Primary Survey
What does the Disability assessment review
What does MTC stand for
What should you always consider arriving at and throughout a trauma scene
Trauma can cause an acute disruption of a patients’ physiological balance, this means treatment of deficits should be
If you transfer a patient to a major trauma centre, you cannot bypass any other hospitals on the way, True or False
What system can be used to quickly assess a patient for life threatening deficits
Catastrophic Haemorrhage will cause the overall blood volume to increase, True or False
Whilst getting equipment and applying Catastrophic Haemorrhage treatment, you should try and reduce blood loss by getting direct pressure on the wound site, True or False
On managing a limb Catastrophic Haemorrhage, what is the first applied
If a limb Catastrophic Haemorrhage is not managed by a tourniquet, a second tourniquet cannot be applied, True or False
On sensing a drop in blood pressure, what response does the body initiate
In response to Catastrophic Haemorrhage, the kidneys will retain what in order to draw fluid from urine to keep in circulation
Through Catastrophic Haemorrhage, cells within the body will eventually revert to what state for energy production
If organ perfusion is not met, they will
In response to Catastrophic Haemorrhage, what are some of the physiological functions of the body
What sensors within the blood vessels measure blood pressure
What is the normal pH range for the body
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